موقتی بودن منظر

نوع مقاله : ترجمه

نویسندگان

1 گروه انسان شناسی اجتماعی، دانشگاه منچستر، انگلستان.

2 دانشگاه آزاد تهران مرکز، ایران

3 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شوشتر، ایران.

چکیده

منظر و موقتی بودن آن اصلی‌ترین نقطۀ اشتراک میان باستان‌شناسی و مردم‌شناسی فرهنگی-اجتماعی است. مقالۀ حاضر نشان می‌دهد که موقتی بودن منظر را می‌توان با «دیدگاه ثابت» انسان که همچون فرضیه‌ای از پیش اثبات شده در رفتار و ادراکش نهفته است، فهمید. معنای منظر در تقابل با معنای زمین، طبیعت و فضا آشکار می‌شود.
مفهوم «Taskscape» الگویی از فعالیت‌های ثابت را نشان می‌دهد و موقتی بودن ذاتی آن در تعاملات منظم یا الگوی طنین آن نهفته است. با در نظر گرفتن ارتباط منظر و Taskscape، در نهایت تمایز میان این دو از بین می‌رود و می‌بینیم که اساساً خود منظر امری موقتی است. چند نمونۀ عینی در ارتباط با مباحث مزبور برای فهم بهتر مخاطب آورده شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The temporality of the landscape

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tim Ingold 1
  • Translation: Motahareh Faali 2
  • Rasa Moradi 3
1 Department of Social Anthropology, University of Manchester, UK.
2 Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch, Iran
3 Azad Shoushtar University, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Landscape and temporality are the major unifying themes of archaeology and social-cultural
anthropology. This paper attempts to show how the temporality of the landscape may be understood
by way of a 'dwelling perspective' that sets out from the premise of people's active, perceptual
engagement in the world. The meaning of 'landscape' is clarified by contrast to the concepts of land,
nature and space. The notion of 'taskscape' is introduced to denote a pattern of dwelling activities,
and the intrinsic temporality of the taskscape is shown to lie in its rhythmic interrelations or patterns
of resonance. By considering how taskscape relates to landscape, the distinction between them is
ultimately dissolved, and the landscape itself is shown to be fundamentally temporal. Some concrete
illustrations of these arguments are drawn from a painting by Bruegel, The Harvesters

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