نشریه علمی

تحلیل تطبیقی نقش مؤلفه‌های غنای حسی در محیط‌های مسکونی (مطالعه موردی: مجتمع‌های کاکتوس و اندیشه، شهر رشت)

دوره 17، شماره 73
زمستان 1404
صفحه 64-83

نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه معماری، دانشکدۀ معماری و هنر، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده
در طراحی محیط‌های مسکونی، کیفیت ادراک و تجربۀ زیستۀ ساکنان به‌طور مستقیم با انطباق ویژگی‌های محیطی با توانایی‌های حسی و ادراکی انسان در ارتباط است. در این میان، محرک‌های محیطی هماهنگ با ظرفیت‌های ادراکی نقشی کلیدی در ارتقای غنای حسی و بهبود کیفیت تجربۀ فضایی ایفا می‌کنند؛ بااین‌حال، مؤلفه‌های حسی در طراحی فضاهای مسکونی اغلب نادیده گرفته و کمتر به‌صورت جامع و نظام‌مند بررسی شده‌اند. سؤال اصلی پژوهش این است که کدام مؤلفه‌های معماری بر ارتقای تجربۀ غنای حسی افراد از فضای مجتمع‌های مسکونی تأثیرگذارند. هدف این پژوهش، شناسایی و تحلیل مؤلفه‌های مؤثر بر غنای حسی و بررسی تأثیر آن‌ها بر کیفیت ادراک محیطی کاربران در دو مجتمع مسکونی منتخب در شهر رشت است. در بخش نظری، با مرور منابع کتابخانه‌ای، پیشینۀ تحقیق، نقش حواس پنج‌گانه در ادراک محیطی و چارچوب نظری پژوهش تبیین شده است. در بخش میدانی، با بهره‌گیری از روش‌های «پیاده‌روی حسی» و «یادداشت‌برداری حسی»، تجربیات چندحسی کاربران در شش نقطۀ شاخص از دو مجتمع مسکونی کاکتوس و اندیشه تحلیل شد. داده‌ها ازطریق مشاهده، مصاحبۀ نیمه‌ساختاریافته و پرسش‌نامه‌های تکمیلی گردآوری و به روش ترکیبی (کیفی-کمّی) تحلیل و با استفاده از دیاگرام عنکبوتی ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد مجتمع کاکتوس به‌واسطۀ طراحی اقلیمی مناسب، پوشش گیاهی متنوع و فضاهای نیمه‌عمومی فعال، در مؤلفه‌های بویایی، لامسه و چشایی عملکرد بهتری داشته و منجر به درک حسی عمیق‌تری شده است. در مقابل، مجتمع اندیشه با وجود انسجام بصری، در تحریک سایر حواس عملکرد ضعیف‌تری داشته است. یافته‌ها بر اهمیت طراحی چندحسی در ارتقای کیفیت محیطی، افزایش رضایت ساکنان، تقویت حس تعلق و بهبود سلامت روان تأکید دارند. براین‌اساس، پیشنهادهایی جهت ارتقای غنای حسی در طراحی مجتمع‌های مسکونی مطرح شده است که به بهبود تعامل کاربران با محیط کمک می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Comparative Analysis of Sensory Richness Components in Residential Environments(A Case Study of Cactus and Andisheh Complexes, Rasht)

نویسندگان English

Sogand Rouhani Mardakhi
Amirreza Karimi Azeri
Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Art, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده English

In residential environment design, the quality of residents’ perception and lived experience is closely linked to the alignment of environmental attributes with human sensory and cognitive capacities. Environmental stimuli attuned to perceptual thresholds play a key role in enhancing sensory richness and the overall quality of spatial experience. However, sensory factors are often neglected and rarely addressed in a comprehensive, multidimensional, or systematic manner in contemporary residential design practices. This study investigates the architectural components that most significantly contribute to enriching sensory experience in residential complexes. This study aims to identify and analyze the architectural and environmental components affecting sensory richness and assess their measurable impact on users’ environmental perception quality in two selected residential complexes in the city of Rasht, Iran. The theoretical part is based on an extensive literature review, covering the role of the five senses in environmental perception, as well as relevant theoretical frameworks related to sensory design. Empirically, the study applies sensory walking and multisensory mapping techniques to explore users’ sensory experiences across six spatial nodes in the Cactus and Andisheh residential complexes. Data were gathered through direct observation, semi-structured interviews, and supplementary questionnaires, and were analyzed using a mixed-methods approach (qualitative–quantitative), with results visualized through comparative spider diagrams. The findings reveal that the Cactus complex, characterized by climate-responsive design strategies, rich vegetation, and active, well-defined semi-public spaces, exhibited stronger performance in olfactory, tactile, and gustatory aspects, resulting in deeper levels of sensory engagement. In contrast, the Andisheh complex, despite its visual coherence and structural order, underperformed in stimulating the remaining senses. The study highlights the importance of multisensory design in improving environmental quality, enhancing user satisfaction, strengthening place attachment, and promoting psychological comfort and mental well-being. Recommendations are proposed to guide future sensory-enriched residential design and foster deeper, more meaningful human–environment interaction.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Sensory richness
  • Sensory components
  • Environmental perception
  • Multisensory experience
  • Residential complex
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