Adelvand, P., Mousavilar, A., & Mansouri, S. (2016). “Urban art” as a landscape phenomenon in today’s society. Bagh-e Nazar, 13(39), 39–44. https://www.bagh-sj.com/article_14940.html 
Alexander, C. (1977). A pattern language: Towns, buildings, construction. Oxford University Press. https://books.google.com/books/about/A_Pattern_Language.html?id=hwAHmktpk5IC
Antrop, M., & Van Eetvelde, V. (2017). Landscape perspectives: The holistic nature of landscape. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1183-6 
Atashinbar, M., Mansouri, S., & Sheibani, M. (2013). Order: The main element in the scientific analysis of avenue landscape. Bagh-e Nazar, 9(23), 93–102. https://www.bagh-sj.com/article_2459.html 
Bacon, E. (1976). Design of cities (Rev. ed.). Penguin Books.
Bahrami Hamedani, S., & Taghvaei, S. H. (2021). Landscape assessment framework for historic boulevards based on the FVFL model in line with the HUL concept: The case study of Tagh-e Bostan (Shahid Shiroudi) Boulevard, Kermanshah. Soffeh, 31(2), 83–110. https://doi.org/10.52547/sofeh.31.2.83 
Barthes, R. (1972). Mythologies (A. Lavers, Trans.). Hill and Wang. (Original work published 1957)
Bell, S. (2012). Elements of visual design in the landscape (2nd ed.). Routledge.
Berque, A. (1995). Les raisons du paysage: De la Chine antique aux environnements de synthèse [The reasons for the landscape: From ancient China to synthetic environments]. Hazan.
Berque, A. (2013). Thinking through landscape. Routledge.
Brenner, N. (2009). What is critical urban theory? City, 13(2–3), 198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13604810902996466 
Canter, D. (1977). The psychology of place. Architectural Press.
Carmona, M. (2009). The public realm: Exploring the city’s quintessential social territory. Journal of Urban Design, 14(2), 199–212.
Carmona, M. (2019). Principles for public space design, planning to do better. Urban design international, 24(1), 47-59. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1057/s41289-018-0070-3 
Collado Capilla, V., & Gómez-Pardo Gabaldón, S. (2018). Urban landscape assessment. In 24th ISUF International Conference. Book of Papers (pp. 1501-1511). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/ISUF2017.2017.6020 
Corner, J. (1999). The agency of mapping: Speculation, critique and invention. In M. Dodge, R. Kitchin, & C. Perkins (Eds.), The map reader: Theories of mapping practice and cartographic representation (Chapter 12). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470979587.ch12 
Cronon, W. (1992). Nature’s metropolis: Chicago and the great West. W. W. Norton & Company. https://books.google.com/books/about/Nature_s_Metropolis_Chicago_and_the_Grea.html?id=7OCQAwAAQBAJ 
Cullen, G. (1961). The concise townscape. Architectural Press. https://books.google.de/books/about/The_Concise_Townscape.html?id=UoUJFju-10AC&redir_esc=y 
de Certeau, M. (1984). The practice of everyday life (S. Rendall, Trans.). University of California Press. (Original work published 1980)
Derrida, J. (1993). Memoirs of the blind: The self-portrait and other ruins (P.-A. Brault & M. Naas, Trans.). University of Chicago Press. (Original work published 1993)
Dorn de Oliveira, T., Ragasson, M. M., Franken, N. K., Johann, D. M. W., Soares das Chagas, D. H., de Andrade, B. F., Zulato, F. V. G., & da Silva, Á. R. F. (2023). Image, reading and public policies for cities: The right to the city and Gordon Cullen’s concept of urban landscape in Ijuí/RS. Concilium, 23(11), 384–397. https://doi.org/10.53660/CLM-1412-23H01 
Faizi, M., & Asadpour, A. (2013). Residence perception of urban high-rise buildings’ scape, case study: Shiraz Chamran Hotel. Journal of Iranian Architecture Studies, 2(3), 107–121. https://jias.kashanu.ac.ir/article_111712.html?lang=en 
Gehl, J. (2010). Cities for people. Island press.
Golkar, K. (2008). Conceptual evolution of urban visual environment; From cosmetic approach through to sustainable approach. Environmental Sciences, 5(4), 95-114. https://envs.sbu.ac.ir/article_96898.html?lang=en 
Hashemizadegan, S. A., Mansouri, S. A., & Barati, N. (2020). Proper understanding of landscape architecture precedents for knowledge production. MANZAR, the Scientific Journal of Landscape, 12(51), 58–67. https://doi.org/10.22034/manzar.2020.226684.2060 
Heidari, F., & Behbahani, H. (2019). Archaeological landscape readings: Reconstructing perceptual and natural layers. Archaeological Research of Iran, 9(22), 7–26. https://doi.org/10.22084/nbsh.2019.17760.1853 
Heidegger, M. (1971). Poetry language thought. Harper and Row.
Heise, U. K. (2016). The environmental humanities and the futures of urban nature. New German Critique, 43(2), 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1215/0094033X-3511847
Hoseinzadeh, M., Atashinbar, M., & Alaee, P. (2021). A street landscape reading: Mashhad’s Bala and Paein Khiaban as entrances to Imam Reza’s Holy Shrine. MANZAR, the Scientific Journal of Landscape, 13(57), 64–77. https://doi.org/10.22034/manzar.2021.286699.2130 
Jacobs, J. (1961). The death and life of great American cities. Random House.
Karimi Moshaver, M., Sajadzadeh, H., & Vahdat, S. (2016). Measurement of readings priority landscape of urban spaces from the standpoint of citizens (Case study: urban squares of the city of Hamadan). Bagh-e Nazar, 12(37), 3–14. https://www.bagh-sj.com/article_12918.html 
Karimi, M., Bemanian, M. R., Ansari, M., & Mansouri, S. A. (2023). Recognition of the components of the urban landscape visual system elements and values. MANZAR, the Scientific Journal of Landscape, 15(62), 72–85. https://doi.org/10.22034/MANZAR.2022.306979.2156
Kasravi, R., & Hashemizadegan, S. A. (2023). A comparative study of Sima, Manzar, and Chesm Andaz as Persian equivalents of landscape in English. MANZAR, the Scientific Journal of Landscape, 15(64), 54–59. https://doi.org/10.22034/manzar.2023.393131.2237 
Kostof, S. (1991). The city shaped: Urban patterns and meanings through history (Reprint ed.). Bulfinch Press.
Lassus, B. (1998). The landscape approach. University of Pennsylvania Press. https://books.google.de/books/about/The_Landscape_Approach.html?id=ZNJS3qr3FP0C&redir_esc=y 
Lavrenova, O. (2024). Urban landscape as a text: Methods of reading and interpreting. In F. Bellentani, M. Panico, & L. Yoka (Eds.), Semiotic approaches to urban space (pp. 81–96). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781800887220.00011
Lazarevic, E. V., Kekovic, Z., & Antonic, B. M. (2017). In search of the principles of resilient urban design: Implementability of the principles in the case of the cities in Serbia. Energy and Buildings, 158, 1130–1138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.11.005
Lefebvre, H. (1991). The production of space. Blackwell.
Lynch, K. (1960). The image of the city. MIT Press. https://books.google.de/books/about/The_Image_of_the_City.html?hl=de&id=_phRPWsSpAgC&redir_esc=y 
Mansouri, S. (2005). An introduction to landscape architecture identification. Bagh-e Nazar, 1(2), 69-78. https://www.bagh-sj.com/article_1489.html?lang=en 
McHarg, I. L. (1969). Design with nature. Natural History Press.
Norberg-Schulz, C. (1980). Genius loci: Towards a phenomenology of architecture. Rizzoli.
Pallasmaa, J. (2005). The eyes of the skin: Architecture and the sense (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Popa, A., & Enache, C. (2019). Decoding the urban landscape. Postmodern Openings, 10(1), 272–279. https://doi.org/10.18662/po/66
Raaphorst, K., Duchhart, I., Van Der Knaap, W., Roeleveld, G., & Van Den Brink, A. (2017). The semiotics of landscape design communication: towards a critical visual research approach in landscape architecture. Landscape Research, 42(1), 120-133. https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2016.1257706 
Raaphorst, K., Roeleveld, G., Duchhart, I., Van der Knaap, W., & Van den Brink, A. (2020). Reading landscape design representations as an interplay of validity, readability and interactivity: a framework for visual content analysis. Visual Communication, 19(2), 163-197. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470357218779103 
Relph, E. (1976). Place and placelessness. Pion.
Rose, G. (2012). Visual methodologies: An introduction to researching with visual materials (3rd ed.). Sage.
Sad Berenji, S. , Ansari, M. , Bemanian, M., & Hassani, M. (2021). Semiotics as a Framework for Reading and Writing Landscape. Bagh-e Nazar, 18(103), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.22034/bagh.2021.278517.4852 
Spirn, A. W. (2008). The language of landscape (S. H. Bahraini & B. Aminzadeh, Trans.). University of Tehran. (Original work published 1998)
Valibeigi, M., & Inanloo, E. (2021). The Framework of Urban Landscape Reading from Walter Benjamin’s View. Journal of Urban Society’s Arts, 8(2), 124–130. https://journal.isi.ac.id/index.php/JOUSA/article/view/6086 
Van den Brink, A., Bruns, D., Tobi, H., & Bell, S. (2020). Research in landscape architecture: Methods and methodology (S. Hashemizadegan & R. Kasravi, Trans.). Nazar Research Center. (Original work published 2016)
Wang, J., & Foley, K. (2021). Assessing the performance of urban open space for achieving sustainable and resilient cities: A pilot study of two urban parks in Dublin, Ireland. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 62, 127180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127180 
Wang, M. (2020). Linguistic semiotics. Springer.
Way, T., Oaks, D., Karmon, D., Buckley, J. M., & Cunningham, T. A. (2022). Rethinking the urban landscape. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, 81(3), 268–298. https://doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2022.81.3.268 
Zandieh, M., & Goodarzian, S. (2014). Landscape approach, the success factor of urban tourism. Bagh-e Nazar, 11(30), 59–66. https://www.bagh-sj.com/article_6498.html