نشریه علمی

قیاس شاخص‌های معنایی منظر شهری تاریخی و معاصر با بهره‌گیری از روش طرح متوالی اکتشافی (موردپژوهی: منظر شهری شیراز)

دوره 17، شماره 72
پاییز 1404
صفحه 16-27

نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه شهرسازی، دانشکدۀ معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، ایران

چکیده
یکی از مهم‌ترین چالش‌های شهر در دوران معاصر، معنا و رابطۀ متقابل انسان و محیط است. امروزه به‌دلیل نبود دانش بصری کافی در کنار تأثیرات مدرنیسم، ناهنجاری بصری در شهرها دیده می‌شوند. تغییرات انجام‌شده در منظر شهر در دوران معاصر و به‌کاربردن رویکردهای اثبات‌گرایی منجر به بی‌توجهی نسبت به جنبه‌های نرم و فازی محیط مانند «معنی» شده است. این پژوهش در نظر دارد تا به مقایسۀ معنای منظر تاریخی و معاصر بپردازد و روشی را برای مقایسۀ معنا در زمینه‌های مشابه و سایر شهرها ارائه دهد. در این مسیر، منظر شهری کلان‌شهر شیراز در کشور ایران به‌دلیل گسست موجود میان منظر تاریخی و معاصرش، به‌عنوان نمونۀ موردمطالعه انتخاب شد. پارادایم تفسیرگرایی و رویکرد استفهامی اتخاذ شد و با درنظرگرفتن طرح متوالی اکتشافی در روش‌های ترکیبی در گام اول، مصاحبه‌های عمیق نیمه‌ساختاریافته تحلیل محتوا شدند، سپس به کمک خروجی گام اول ماتریس افتراق معنایی تنظیم و به بررسی کمّی تفاوت‌های معنایی دو متن منظر شهری تاریخی و معاصر پرداخته شد. نتایج نشان داد که ‌در مقایسۀ منظر شهری تاریخی و معاصر، شهروندان به ابعاد و مؤلفه‌های مختلفی در دسته‌بندی‌های «اقلیم»، «احساس نسبت به بافت»، «کارکرد»، «زیرساخت»، «مسکن»، «جمعیت»، «مردم»، «فرهنگ» و «امنیت و حس تعلق» اشاره کردند و صفات توصیف‌کنندۀ منظر شهری معاصر به‌ترتیب شامل «پیچیده»، «رمزآلود»، «ناراحت‌کننده»، «فاقد هویت»، «تنش‌زا»، «آشفته»، «پویا»، «جدیدتر» و «شلوغ» و صفات توصیف‌کنندۀ منظر شهری تاریخی به‌ترتیب شامل «دارای هویت»، «قدیمی‌تر»، «آرامش‌دهنده»، «خوشحال‌کننده»، «قابل‌درک (خوانا) »، «ساده»، «منظم»، «ایستا و آرام» هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Comparing the semantic indices of historical and contemporary urban landscapes using a sequential exploratory design in mixed methods (Case study: Shiraz urban landscape)

نویسندگان English

Hajar Asadpour
Mahmoud Ghalehnoee
Armin Bahramian
Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture & Urbanism, Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده English

One of the most important challenges of the city in the contemporary era is the meaning and the mutual relationship between man and the environment. Today, due to the lack of sufficient visual knowledge along with the effects of modernism, visual anomalies are seen in cities. The changes made in the city landscape in the contemporary era and the use of positivist approaches have led to a disregard for the soft and fuzzy aspects of the environment such as "meaning". The present study intends to compare the meaning of the historical and contemporary landscape and to provide a method for comparing similar contexts in other cities. In this direction, the urban landscape of the metropolis of Shiraz (which has both considerable contemporary urban landscape and authentic historical urban landscape) in Iran was selected as a case study due to the existing gap between its historical and contemporary landscape. in order to pursue this goal the interpretative paradigm and the interrogative approach were adopted and, considering the sequential exploratory design in mixed methods in the first step, in-depth semi-structured interviews were subjected to content analysis. Then, with the help of the output of the first step, a semantic differentiation matrix was set up and a quantitative study of the semantic differences between the two texts of the historical and contemporary urban landscape was conducted. The results showed that in comparing the historical and contemporary urban landscape, citizens mentioned various dimensions and components in the categories of "climate", "feeling towards fabric", "function", "infrastructure", "housing", "population", "people", "culture" and "security and sense of belonging". The descriptive attributes of the contemporary urban landscape include complex, mysterious, disturbing, lacking identity, tense, chaotic, dynamic, newer and crowded, respectively, and the descriptive attributes of the historical urban landscape include having identity, older, soothing, happy, understandable (readable), simple, orderly, static and calm.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Meaning of urban landscape
  • historical urban landscape
  • contemporary urban landscape
  • semantic differentiation matrix
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