نشریه علمی

تبیین شاخص‌های ارزیابی کشاورزی شهری در محیط‌های مسکونی با بهره‌گیری از روش دلفی

دوره 17، شماره 71
تابستان 1404
صفحه 56-69

نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری معماری، دانشکدۀ معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه معماری، دانشکدۀ معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده
 کشاورزی شهری در طول تاریخ با تولید و عرضۀ محصولات در خدمت ساکنین شهرها بوده و امروزه با توجه به ناپایداری‌های شکل‌گرفته در ابعاد اجتماعی، اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی در حوزۀ ساخت‌وساز شهری و علی‌الخصوص در محیط‌های مسکونی ناشی از غلبۀ الگوی زندگی مدرن، رشد جمعیت در شهرها و افزایش ساخت‌و‌سازهای بی‌رویه با تراکم بالا، توجه به این امر به‌عنوان پاسخی مناسب در جهت دستیابی به پایداری، محبوبیت زیادی در بین جوامع مختلف پیدا کرده است. هدف از این پژوهش شناسایی شاخص‌های تأثیرگذار کشاورزی شهری در محیط‌های مسکونی است. روش پژوهش: در این پژوهش ابتدا به روش اسنادی و تحلیل محتوا شاخص‌های تأثیرگذار استخراج و سپس به‌منظور اعتبارسنجی شاخص‌ها از روش دلفی در سه مرحله با مشارکت 20 نفر از متخصصین و خبرگان دانشگاهی در حوزۀ معماری، معماری منظر استفاده و در نهایت 80 شاخص تعیین و براساس مقیاس رتبه‌بندی لیکرت و تحلیل‌های آماری درجه اهمیت این شاخص‌ها در محیط‌های مسکونی مشخص شد. براساس یافته‌های پژوهش شاخص‌های تأثیرگذار کشاورزی شهری در چهار بُعد اقتصادی، اجتماعی، زیست‌محیطی و مطلوبیت کالبدی-فضایی طبقه‌بندی شدند. نتایج نشان دادند که از نظر متخصصین از اثرات مفید و شاخص‌های تأثیرگذار «افزایش سرانۀ فضای سبز شهری»، «افزایش جذب دی‌اکسیدکربن»،«کاهش دما»، «افزایش طراوت و رایحه‌های خوش»، «افزایش مشارکت ساکنین در برنامۀ سبزکردن محیط زندگی» و «افزایش تنوع زیستی با کاشت انواع گیاهان و پروش انواع جانوران» در ابعاد زیست‌محیطی، «افزایش اوقات فراغت»، «کاهش استرس» و «توسعۀ روابط و تعاملات اجتماعی» در ابعاد اجتماعی، «سرمایه‌گذاری بر منابع کم استفاده همچون پشت‌بام‌ها، تراس‌ها، بالکن‌ها و ...» «افزایش پس‌انداز» و «افزایش ارزش املاک» در ابعاد اقتصادی و در نهایت «افزایش سرزندگی فضاهای مسکونی»، «ارتقای کیفیت و قابلیت‌های فضایی برای رشد» و «زیباسازی مناظر» در ابعاد مطلوبیت کالبدی-فضایی به‌ترتیب بالاترین اولویت را به خود اختصاص دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Developing the Evaluation Indicators of Urban Agriculture in Residential Environments Using the Delphi Method

نویسندگان English

Rana Soleymanpour Asl Navasar 1
Mohammad ali Khanmohammadi 2
Seyed Bagher Hosseini 2
1 Ph.D. Candidate in Architecture, School of Architecture & Environmental Design, Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor in Architecture, School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science and Technology.
چکیده English

Urban agriculture has historically served the residents of cities by producing and supplying food. Today, due to instabilities in social, economic, and environmental dimensions in the field of urban construction—particularly in residential areas caused by the dominance of modern lifestyle patterns, population growth in cities, and the increase of indiscriminate constructions with high density—there is a growing interest in urban agriculture as a suitable response to achieve sustainability. This trend has gained significant popularity among various communities. The purpose of this research is to identify the influential indicators of urban agriculture in residential environments. In this research, first, influential indicators of urban agriculture on residential environments were extracted using documentary and content analysis methods. Subsequently, to validate these indicators, the Delphi method was employed in three rounds with the participation of 20 experts and academic specialists in architecture and landscape architecture. Ultimately, 80 indicators were identified, and their importance in residential environments was determined based on the Likert ranking scale and statistical analyses. According to the research findings, the influential indicators of urban agriculture were classified into four dimensions: economic, social, environmental, and spatial-physical desirability. The results indicated that, from the specialists' perspective, the beneficial effects and influential indicators included "increased per capita urban green space," "increased carbon dioxide absorption," "reduced temperature," " increased freshness and pleasant aromas," "increased resident participation in greening their living environment," and "increased biodiversity through planting various plants and raising different animals" in environmental dimensions; "increased leisure time," "stress reduction," and "development of social relationships and interactions" in social dimensions; "investment in underutilized resources such as rooftops, terraces, balconies, etc.," "increased savings," and "increased property values" in economic dimensions; and finally, "increased the vitality of residential spaces," "improved quality and spatial capabilities for growth," and "Beautification of landscapes" in physical-spatial desirability dimensions were prioritized respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Urban Agriculture
  • Residential Environments
  • Impacts of Urban Agriculture
  • Delphi Method
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