نسبت عمل زیبایی اکولوژیکی و طراحی حساس به آب در منظر

نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد معماری منظر، دانشگاه شیراز، ایران.

2 عضو هیئت علمی گروه معماری، دانشکدۀ هنر و معماری، دانشگاه شیراز، ایران.

چکیده

در سال‌های اخیر مفهوم طراحی شهری حساس به آب به‌عنوان رویکردی مؤثر در رفع مشکلات ناشی از روش‌های متداول مدیریت آب‌های سطحی در استرالیا مورد توجه قرار گرفته است و به بازیابی چرخۀ طبیعی آب در توسعۀ شهری کمک می‌کند. به‌کارگیری تکنیک‌های تبیین‌شده در این رویکرد جهت مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی بهینه، از سویی موجب بهبود کیفیت و کاهش حجم روان‌آب شده و از سوی دیگر فضای سبز را افزایش داده و فرایندهای طبیعی را با منظر شهر تلفیق می‌کند. از آنجا که رویکرد طراحی حساس به آب غالباً بر حوزه‌های فنی و تکنیک-محورِ مداخلات محیطی متمرکز است، به نظر می‌رسد به‌تنهایی نمی‌تواند یک راه‌حل جامع‌نگر برای مداخلات محیطی باشد. بنابراین این فرضیه مطرح می‌شود که طراحی حساس به آب با به‌کارگرفتن اصول طراحی زیبایی اکولوژی، می‌تواند منجر به مدلی منظرین جهت مداخلۀ محیطی شود. این مقاله با استفاده از مرور ادبیات تحقیق، خلأهای موجود در این رویکرد فنی را شناسایی کرده و با استدلال منطقی و با توجه به جایگاه رویکرد حساس به آب در توسعه و ضرورت زیبایی اکولوژی برای ایجاد منظر پایدار، به تحلیل و انطباق مؤلفه‌های به‌دست‌آمده از ادبیات پژوهش می‌پردازد. از آنجا که تکنیک‌های حساس به آب برای سازگاری با شرایط متغیر محیط از فرایندهای طبیعی الگو می‌گیرند، بنابراین از زیبایی طبیعت برخوردار بوده (لازم به ذکر است که زیبایی طبیعت اثبات‌شده است) ولی چگونگی ارتباط آن با فرهنگ تعریف نشده است. زیبایی اکولوژی به‌عنوان عنصر ارتباط‌دهندۀ اکولوژی و فرهنگ در طراحی منظر می‌تواند مسیر رسیدن به طراحی منظر را با اقدامات و راهکارهای طراحی شهری حساس به آب مشخص کرده و بُعد ذهنی و انسانی منظر را ارتقا بخشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Ecological Aesthetic Practice and Water Sensitive Design in Landscape Studies

نویسندگان [English]

  • Narges Ramezani 1
  • Amin Habibi, 2
1 M.A. in Landscape Architecture, Shiraz University, Iran.
2 Faculty Member at Department of Architecture, Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Shiraz University, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In recent years, the concept of water sensitive urban design has received considerable attention as an efficient approach to solving problems caused by conventional surface water management in Australia. Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) contributes to natural water cycle restoration in urban development. The technics proposed by this approach, in relation to optimal planning and management, improve the quality of runoff and reduce its volume, expand green space, and integrate the natural process with the city landscape. As the WSUD approach concentrates on technical-based scopes of environmental (ecological) interventions, it cannot be used as a comprehensive solution for environmental interventions. Therefore, it is assumed that WSUD can be used to develop a landscape model for environmental intervention by employing ecological aesthetic design principles. The extant study reviews the relevant literature to find the gaps in this technical approach. This study was conducted to analyze and match the components obtained from research literature by using logical argumentation regarding the position of water sensitive approach in the development. Besides, necessity of ecology aesthetic was taken into account for a sustainable landscape. Since water-sensitive technics follow the natural processes to be matched with varying environmental conditions, these technics have a natural beauty. It should be mentioned that the beauty of nature has been proved while its relationship with culture has remained undefined. As the mediating element between ecology and culture in landscape design, ecological aesthetics outlines the process of landscape design using WSUD solutions and measures to improve the mental and human aspects of the landscape.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water sensitive urban design (WSUD)
  • Surface water management
  • Environmental interventions
  • Ecological aesthetic
  • Ecological landscape
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