Investigating the Contribution of Physical Components of Women's Sense of Safety to Open Spaces of Urban Tourism, Case study: 30 Tir street

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

1 Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Tehran, Iran.

2 Nazar Research Center, ،Tehran, Iran.

3 University of Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Safety can be considered as one of the main social-human needs in today’s society. The safety of women is considered as one of the most important qualitative components of urban planning. Social safety of urban open spaces is considered as an important factor in the tourism industry. Since the mental image of a place plays an important role in its success or failure to attract tourists, it can affect the economy of a country in the long term. This study hypothesized that touristic sites could boom and attract more people by increasing the sense of safety in women. Responding women's demands from the space would increase the quality of place for everyone. The aim of this study is introducing the physical components of space, which increases women’s sense of safety in touristic open spaces.
Data for this study was collected through a qualitative survey. Thus, after conducting the data analysis and reviewing previous related researches, research’s factors have been evaluated in a case study. presenting effective physical components on women's sense of safety and testing them in the open spaces of the 30Tir street, one of the touristic destinations of this city. The results of this study supports this hypothesis that the third part of the 30tir st (between sakhai and Imam Khomeini) which responds the demand of women is the successful part of the street and creates the sense of safety among women the most.

Keywords

Main Subjects


• Akbari, R. & Pakbonyan, S. (2012). The impact of Public Spaces Form on Women Social Security Sense Comparative Study in Two Different Residential Patterns. Honar-Ha-Ye-Ziba Memari-Va-Shaharsazi, 17 (2): 53-64.
• Anvari Aria, M. & Nassaj, M. (2007). Barresi va tabyin-e Naghsh-e sana'at-e gardeshgari dar tose 'e-ye faza-ye shahri [Reviewing and explaining the role of the tourism industry in urban space development]. Avalin hamayesh-e mantaghei-ye joghrafiya, gardeshgari va , Islamshahr: Islamic Azad University Islamshahr Branch.
• Ashuoryan, F. & Taleshi, A.M. (2013). Ahamiyat va naghsh-e amniyat dar bazar-e gardeshgari va asarat-e ān bar tose'e-ye paydar-e maghased [The Importance and Role of Safety in the Tourism Market and its Impact on the Sustainable Development of Purposes]. The First National Conference on Tourism, Geography and Sustainable Environment, Hamedan: Hegmataneh Environmental Assessment Center. Available from: https://www.civilica.com/Paper-TGES01-TGES01_279.html (accessed December 2018).
• Amir, A. F., Ismail, M. N. I., & See, T. P. (2015). Sustainable tourist environment: Perception of international women travelers on safety and security in Kuala Lumpur. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 168: 123-133.
• Barati, N. (2010). Edrak-e mohit; naghsh-e nesbiyat-ha-ye ravanshenakhti dar fahm-e mohit [Perception of the environment: the role of psychological relativities toward understanding the environment]. Journal of Manzar, 2 (9): 34-35.
• Bahrainy, S.H. (2007). Urban Design Process. Tehran: University of Tehran.
• Blobaum, A. & Hunecke, M. (2005). Perceived danger in urban public space-The Impacts of Physical Features and Personal Factors. Environment and Behavior, 37 (4): 465-486.
• Cazes, G. & François, P. (2003). Le tourisme Urbain. Translation by: Salahuddin Mahallati, Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University.
• Cozens, P., Saville, G. & Hillier, D. (2005). Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED): a review and modern bibliography, Journal of Property Management, 23 (5): 328–356.
• Elyas Zadeh Moghaddam, S.N. & Zabetian, E. (2011). Recognition of the Effective Indices on Enhancing Women Security in the Public Spaces Using Participative Approach (Case Study: Central Part of Tehran City). Honar-Ha-Ye-Ziba Memari-Va-Shaharsazi, 2 (44): 43-56.
• Echtner, C.M., & Ritchie, J.R.B. (1991). The Meaning and Measurement of Destination Image. Journal of tourism studies, 2 (2): 2-12.
• Gobster, P.H. (2002). Managing Urban Parks for a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Clientele, Leisure Sciences, 24: 143–159.
• Goli, A. ,Ghasemzadeh, B., fath baghali, F. & Ramezan moghadam Vajari, Y. (2015). Avamel-e moasser dar ehsas-e amniyat-e ejtemae'y-ye zanan dar fazaha-ye o'momy-ye shahri (motale'e-ye moredi: park-e Iil Goli Tabriz) [Women and Safety in Urban Public Spaces: Case Study of Azadi Park]. Women’s strategic studies, 18 (69): 97-136.
• Habibi, M. (2001). Masir-e piyade-ye gardeshgari [Tourism Walkway], Honar-Ha-Ye-Ziba Memari-Va-Shaharsazi, 9: 43-51.
• Hosseini, S.A. (2006). Khooshe-ye Gardeshgari: Rahyafti Novin dar Tose’eye Sana’at-e Gardeshgari [Tourism Cluster: Modern Approach in Tourism Industry Development]. Tehran: Institute for Trade studies and Research.
• Izadi, M. S. & Haghi, M.R. (2015). Improvement of Sense of Security in Public Spaces Through Urban Design, Case Study: Imam Square in Hamedan. Honar-Ha-Ye-Ziba Memari-Va-Shaharsazi, 20 (2): 5-12.
• Kamali, M., Moradi, P. & Faghfori, M. (2009). Tarrahi va Monaseb sazi-ye Faza-ha-ye Shahri Baraye Hozor-e Zanan [Design and fitting urban spaces for the presence of women]. Hamayesh-e Melli-ye Zan va Me’mary, Tehran: Tehran Sama Colleage, available from: https://www.civilica.com/Paper-SAMACOLLEGE01-SAMACOLLEGE01_013.html (accessed December 2018).
• Kazemei, M. (2008). The Analysis of Citizen, Perception Pole in Tourism Development in Chabahar Case Study: Zahedan Citizens. Geography and Development Iranian Journal, 6 (12): 81-99.
• Lubava, J., & Mtani, A. (2004). Urban space and security: A case of the Dares Salaam- Safety audits for women Dares Salaam. Tanzania, 7: 13-17.
• Madanipour, A. (2008). Public and private spaces of the city, Third Edition, translation by Farshad Nooriyan, Tehran: Sherkat-e Pardazesh va barnameh rizi-ye shahri.
• Movahed, A. & Dowlatshah, S. (2011). Barresi-ye zarfiyat-ha-ye gardeshgari jahat-e tose'e-ye gardeshgari-ye shahri-ye Khorram Abad [Investigating the Tourism Capacity for Developing Urban Tourism of Khorramabad]. Geographical Planning of Space Quarterly Journal, 1 (1): 87-102.
• Mohseni, R. (2009). Gardeshari-ye paydar dar Iran: karkard-ha, calesh-ha va rahkar-ha [Sustainable Tourism in Iran: Functions, Challenges, and Solutions]. Journal of Geographic Space, 9 (28): 149-171.
• Nazari, E. (2010). Rah-ha-ye mosharekat-e mardom dar afzayesh-e amniat-e ejtemae'y [Ways of people's participation in increasing social safety]. Dadresi, 4 (79).
• Nahavandi, E. , Zabetian, E., Ahmad Pour, A. & Kheyroddin, R. (2017). Spaces’ Livability in Modern Commercial Centers. Journal of Manzar, 9 (40): 54-67.
• Poormohammadi, M., Khezarnezhad, P., Ahmadi, P. & Jahanbin, R. (2015). A survey of the adaptation of Urmia Urban Public Spaces to the needs of women, Women in Development and Politics, 13 (1): 23-40.
• Rahimpour, A. (2005). Jahangardi Amniat va Tose’e [Tourism, Safety, Development]. Bazaryabi Monthly, 17: 24-28.
• Rendell, J., Penner, B. & Borden, I. (eds). (2000). Gender Space Architecture; An interdisciplinary introduction. London & New York: Routledge.
• Rezaei, M.R. ,Hosseini, S.M. & Hakimi, H. (2012). Strategical planning for crisis management in Yazd's historical tissue by using SWOT, Emergency management, 1 (1): 35-44.
• Sadeghi, A., Ahmadi, F., Ghaffari Sarvestani, N. & Rafieian, M. (2012). Recognized of Dominated Aspects of Woman Presence in Urban Public Realms (Case study of Shiraz City). Motaleate Shahri (Journal of Urban Studies), 1 (2): 71-85.
• Salehi, I. (2008). Vijegi-ha-ye mohiti-ye faza-ha-ye shahri-ye amn [Environmental Features of Secure Urban Spaces]. Tehran: Markaz-e Motale'at , Tahghighat-e shahrsazi , me'mari-ye Iran.
• Seyedayi, S. E. & Hedayati Moghadam, Z. (2010). Naghsh-e amniat dar tose'e-ye gardeshgari [The Role of Safety in Tourism Development]. Journal of Social Sciences, 4 (8): 97-110.
• Shokouhi, M. (2015) Tarahi-ye Shabake-ye Dastresi va ta’min-e Amniat-e Zanan dar shabake-ye Faza-ha-ye Omumi-ye Shahr [Accessment Network Design and Obtainin Women Safety in Urban Public Spaces], 1st International Conference on Women and Urban Life, Tehran: 11-54.
• Short, J.R. (2011). Urban theory: a critical assessment. Translated by K. Ziary, H. Mahdnejad & F. Parhiz, Tehran: University of Tehran.
• Stevenson, D. (2009). Cities and urban cultures. Translated by R. Panahi & A. Pour Ahmad, Tehran: Markaz-e Motale'at va Tahghighat-e shahrsazi , me'mari-ye Iran.
• Tonkiss, F. (2009). Space, city and social theory: social relations and urban forms. translated by H. Parsi and A. Aflatooni, Tehran: University of Tehran.
• Tavassoli, M. (1992). Urban Space Design. Tehran: Markaz-e Motale'at , Tahghighat-e shahrsazi , me'mari-ye Iran.
• Um, S. & Crompton, J.L. (1992). The Roles of Perceived Inhibitors and Facilitators in Pleasure Travel Destination Decisions.
Journal of Travel Research, 30 (3): 18-25.
• UNWTO. (1996). Touristic Security and Safety: Practical Measures for Destinations. Retrieved September 15th, 2009, Website: http://pub.world-tourism.org:81/WebRoot/Store/Shops/Infoshop/Products/1023/9284401526.pdf.
• Wekerle, GR. & Whitman, C. (1995). Safe Cities (guidelines for planning, Design, and Management). A Division of International Thomson Publishing.
• Zivyar Pardehee, P., Rajabi, A. & Azimi, A. (2015). Women Sense of Security in Touristic Cities: With Emphasis on Urban Design. Pajzuheshname Zanan (Women’s Studies), 6 (13): 81-102.