Iranian Worldview and Axial Pattern in Persian Garden

Document Type : Review

Authors

1 Ph.D. in Urbanism, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin.

2 Ph.D. in Landscape Architecture, University of Tehran, Iran.

3 Ph.D. Candidate in Landscape Architecture, Nazar Research Center, Iran and University of Lille, France.

Abstract

Persian Garden, as one of the most significant achievements of Iranian civilization in the world, is a reflection of Iranian worldview. During various epochs of time, numerous Iranian and foreign scholars have sought to attain a pattern or archetype in Persian garden. For a long time, "Chāhār- Bāgh" has been globally recognized as the prevalent pattern in Persian garden; a geometric pattern, which tries to be adapted to Iranian worldview and the promised paradise introduced in Islam on the basis of the quadruple worldview. This geometric pattern aims at justifying the formation of the quadruple division in Persian garden and introducing it as the original archetype of Persian garden.
The development of studies on the spatial adaptation of this pattern and the various types of Persian garden, doubts that "Chāhār- Bāgh" pattern is the archetype of all Persian gardens. Recent studies of mostly Iranian researchers reveal that Persian garden is an axial garden rather than a quadruple divided garden, where the main axis plays a fundamental role in formation of its geometry.
The results of this paper recognize that the formation of Persian garden pattern is based on the formation of the main axis which defines and configures a direction from the entrance to the pavilion. The adaptation of this pattern to the Iranian worldview is based on the movement from darkness to light and its subsequent triple division.

Keywords

MANZAR, the Scientific Journal of landscape
Volume 9, Issue 41
March 2018
Pages 6-15

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