واکاوی مفهوم مناظر شهری مولد یکپارچه (CPULs) مبتنی برمرور نظام‌مند

نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه شهرسازی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه شهرسازی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکدۀ معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

بروز بلایای طبیعی، بحران‌های اقتصادی، زیست‌محیطی و بیماری‌های پاندمیک، بازنگری در مدل‌های توسعۀ شهری را امری اجتناب‌ناپذیرکرده است. شهرها در طول تاریخ با فرایند تولید، تجارت و مصرف همراه بوده‌اند؛ اما در شهر معاصر، نقش تولید حذف شده و تجارت و مصرف این چرخه را احاطه کرده است. از این‌رو ایجاد یک ماتریس تاب‌آور شهری از طریق ادغام بهره‌وری و منظر به‌عنوان ابزار برنامه‌ریزی ضروری به‌نظر می‌رسد. از این‌رو این پژوهش با هدف ارائۀ بازتعریفی از مفهوم مناظر شهری مولد یکپارچه به‌عنوان مفهومی بدیع در حوزۀ نظری منظر شهری از طریق روش مرور نظام‌مند مبتنی بر الگوی چهار مرحله‌ای با تدوین استراتژی جستجوی مقالات و فرایند جستجو با واژگان «منظر مولد»، «منظر شهری»، «مناظر شهری مولد یکپارچه»، «منظر پویا» و «منظر شهری مولد» در پایگاه‌های استنادی برتر آغاز شد. در جستجوی اولیه 377 مقاله در سال‌های 2000 تا 2021 شناسایی شدند که از این تعداد، 56 مقاله به‌عنوان مقالات واجد شرایط به‌منظور بررسی عمیق‌تر و پاسخ به سؤالات پژوهش انتخاب شدند. نتایج این پژوهش مبین آن است که استراتژی مناظر شهری مولد یکپارچه به‌عنوان گونه‌شناسی جدیدی از منظر با ادغام کشاورزی شهری در قالب شبکه‌ای از ساختارهای سبز و باز چندمنظوره، منظر و مراکز اجتماعی را از طریق فضاهای مولد به هم متصل نموده و سبک جدیدی از زندگی و سازماندهی فضایی، مبتنی بر تولید را که از نظر اجتماعی، فراگیر و از نظر محیطی پایدار است، ارائه می‌نماید. پیاده‌سازی این استراتژی براساس ویژگی‌های ساختاری و عملکردی احصا شده می‌تواند با ایجاد تعامل بین ابعاد اجتماعی، اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی به‌عنوان راهبردی سازگار و منعطف، ضمن خودکفایی شهرها به تاب‌آوری اکوسیستم شهری نیز کمک نموده و پاسخ مناسبی در برابر چالش‌های توسعۀ شهری معاصر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the Concept of Continuous Productive Urban Landscapes (CPULs) Based on a Systematic Review

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sepideh Sanjari 1
  • Zahra Sadat Saeideh Zarabadi 2
  • Mostafa Behzadfar 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Urban Development, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Urban Development, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Professor of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Natural disasters, economic and environmental crises, and pandemic diseases have highlighted the need to revise urban development models to anticipate new development strategies. Cities have been historically associated with production, trade, and consumption processes. However, the role of production has been eliminated in the contemporary world, and trade and consumption have dominated this cycle. This is one of the issues that has been fueling urban crises. Therefore, it is necessary to create an urban resilience matrix by integrating productivity and urban landscape as a planning tool and also the development of sustainable infrastructure. Given that continuous productive urban landscape (CPUL) is a novel concept in the theoretical field of urban landscape, this systematic review was conducted based on a four-stage model by formulating the study searching strategy using the following keywords: productive landscape, urban landscape, integrated productive urban landscape, dynamic landscape, and productive urban landscape in top citation databases. In the initial search, 377 papers published from 2000 to 2021 were found, 56 of which were selected as qualified papers for in-depth analysis and finding answers to research questions. Then, the screened papers were analyzed in terms of content and synthesis. The existing views and definitions were extracted and classified chronologically to redefine the concept of integrated productive urban landscapes by examining and comparing the definitions. Based on the analysis and classification of definitions, the integrated productive urban landscape strategy is a network of green and open multi-purpose structures. These structures connect the landscape and social centers through productive spaces, with the priority of walking while passing through the built environments. An integrated productive urban landscape, as a new typology of the landscape, considers the landscape as an integrated structure from a holistic and ecological perspective and integrates urban agriculture in green and open public spaces. It defines a new layer of the landscape in cities in addition to redefining open urban spaces. Also, this strategy proposes a new way of life and production-based spatial organization that is socially inclusive and environmentally sustainable by emphasizing local production as a forgotten opportunity. Implementing the integrated productive urban landscape strategy based on the identified structural and functional features can create an interaction between social, economic, and environmental environments. Moreover, this is considered a consistent and flexible strategy that contributes to the urban development and resilience of the urban ecosystem by providing a model for land use management and planning. Therefore, this approach provides an appropriate response to the challenges of contemporary urban development.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Productive landscape
  • Integrated landscape
  • Green and open networks
  • Sustainable infrastructure
  • Ecological infrastructure
  • Systematic review
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