1پژوهشگر دکتری معماری منظر، دانشگاه پاریس غرب، لاَ‌دِفانس
2کارشناس ارشد معماری منظر دانشگاه تهران
3ارشناس ارشد معماری منظر، دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
منظر شهری، برآیند تصاویری از شهر است که مخاطب به واسطه آن شهر را درک می‌کند و پرسش درخصوص کیفیت آن، از مباحث روز مدیریت شهری است. مداخلات زیباشناسانه از رایج‌ترین اقدامات در ارتقاء کیفیت منظر شهری محسوب می‌شود و نورپردازی، جایگاه مهمی در این امر برعهده دارد. از طرفی، نورپردازی پل‌ها که جزء عناصر اصلی منظر شهری هستند، از مداخلات مهم زیباشناسانه است که به‌دلیل قابل رؤیت بودن از فواصل مختلف در سرعت‌های متفاوت، نقش چشم‌گیری در ساختار منظر شبانه دارد.
در تهران، اتخاذ رویکردهای پراکنده در نورپردازی پل‌ها نتایج چندگانه‌ای را در پی داشته که بعضاً به ارتقاء یا تنزل کیفیت منظر شهری منجر شده است. این نوشتار، نورپردازی شبانه پل‌های تهران را با هدف بررسی کیفی مداخله زیباشناسانه در رویکردهای اتخاذ شده برای نورپردازی پل‌ها و با نگاهی منظرین مورد ارزیابی قرار می‌دهد.
1Ph.D. candidate of Landscape Architecture, Paris West University Nanterre La Défense
2M.A. in Landscape Architecture, University of Tehran
3M.A. in Landscape Architecture, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]
Urban landscape is the resultant of images of the city that are perceived by the audience and querying about the quality of the city is considered and updated urban management debate. Aesthetic interventions in the urban landscape are the most common measures to improve the quality and lighting contributes to its significance. On the one hand, bridge lighting which is one of the core elements of the urban landscape is considered an aesthetic intervention. On the other hand, they are important due to their visibility from distances at different speeds especially at night and in terms of structure. In Tehran, different approaches toward bridge lighting have led to some upgrade or degrade of the quality of the urban landscape.
Night landscape aesthetics of Tehran bridges are obtained through powerful sources of energy and there are distinct at night owing to the copious contrast to the dark context rather than having a vivid pattern; night landscape of Tehran bridges is not a coordinated procedure. In other words, these elements do not demonstrate a single entity, and they offer various personalities depending on the size or function each. Accordingly, aesthetic intervention in night landscape does not follow a standard credit and limited to single local intervention.
Landscape of bridges that are functionally or visually linked to transportation, have been taken into deeper consideration rather than pedestrian bridges by urban managers:
Pedestrian bridge with the lowest quantitative and qualitative lighting design are only limited to the minimum.
Lighting of roadway bridges has been maximum quantitatively which affects the aesthetics of the night.
Viewing bridges has similar lighting to roadway bridges in which the architecture and structure are determines of the lighting while the characteristics of the bridge should be the source of inspiration.
This paper aims to investigate Tehran's bridge night lighting with a goal to discuss and evaluate aesthetic intervention quality in the approach adopted for bridge lighting in terms of landscape.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Night landscape, City bridges, Aesthetical interference, Tehran
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