فضاهای شهری چندعملکردی: راهکاری برای افزایش کیفیت زندگی شهری در شهرهای متراکم

نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشآموختۀ دکتری معماری منظر، دانشگاه استراسبورگ، فرانسه.

2 پژوهشگر مرکز ملی پژوهشهای علمی فرانسه. البراتور تتیس مونپلیه، فرانسه.

چکیده

با افزایش جمعیت شهری، شهرها با نوعی دوگانگی روبه‌رو هستند: از سویی رشد افقی شهرها اثرات زیست‌محیطی مخربی دارد و از سوی دیگر رشد عمودی به کاهش کیفیت زندگی افراد و بروز انواع بیماری‌های روحی منجر می‌شود. این دوگانگی مدیران شهری را با یک معمای پیچیده مواجه کرده است: شهری که باید بتواند با حفظ وضعیت موجود خود و مداخلات حداقلی، افراد بیشتری را در خود جای داده و اطمینان حاصل کند که زندگی شهروندان جدید از کیفیت لازم برخوردار است.
این پژوهش، ایدۀ طراحی فضای شهری چندعملکردی را به‌عنوان راه‌حلی برای مسئلۀ افزایش جمعیت شهرها مطرح می‌کند. ارائۀ تعریف از فضاهای چندعملکردی در این پژوهش، بر مبنای تعریفی که کشاورزی و رشته‌های مشابه برای این مفهوم ارائه داده‌اند تدقیق شده است. فرضیۀ این پژوهش بر این امر استوار است که این تعریف تکمیل‌شده می‌تواند دیدگاه جدیدی نسبت به طراحی فضا ارائه داده و باعث بهبود عملکرد فضاهای شهری موجود و در نتیجه کاهش نیاز برای ساخت فضاهای جدید در عین افزایش کیفیت زندگی در شهرهای پرتراکم شود.
روش تحقیق در این پژوهش به‌صورت کیفی و براساس مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای است. ابتدا مفهوم عملکرد و تعریف چندعملکردی در رشته‌هایی که تعریف مشخص‌تری از این موضوع دارند بررسی شده‌ و سپس تعریف مفاهیم به طراحی شهری و فضای شهری گسترش یافته است. در نهایت با استفاده از نمودارهای گرافیکی که براساس مدل‌های ریاضی ترسیم شده‌اند، مزایای این نوع نگاه برجسته شده و مورد بحث قرار گرفته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Multifunctional Urban Spaces: A Solution to Increase the Quality of Urban life in Dense Cities

نویسندگان [English]

  • Atieh Ghafouri 1
  • Christiane Weber 2
1 Ph.D in Landscape Architecture, LIVE (UMR 7362), University of Strasbourg, France.
2 Ph.D., CNRS Research Director, UMR Tetis, Montpellier, France.
چکیده [English]

As urban population increases, cities face a dilemma: on one hand, the horizontal growth causes devastating effects on the environment, and on the other hand, vertical growth leads to a decrease in the quality of life of citizens and causes a variety of mental illnesses. This dilemma has left city managers with a complex puzzle: a city that must be able to accommodate more people with minimal interference ensuring their optimum the quality of life.

This research presents the idea of multifunctional urban space design as a solution to the mentioned problem. The definition of multifunctional spaces in this research has been investigated using its definition in agriculture and environmental studies. The hypothesis of this research is based on the fact that the comprehensive definition can take a new perspective on urban design, improving the functional performance of existing urban spaces and thus reducing the need to build new facilities while maintaining the quality of life in dense cities.

The research method is qualitative and based on bibliographic studies. First, the notion of functional performance and multifunctional space definition are examined in disciplines that produce a more specific interpretation of the subject, and then the definition of concepts is extended to urban design and urban space. Highlighted and discussed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Multifunctional Space
  • urban space
  • Density
  • Shared Use
  • Sustainability

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نشریۀ علمی منظر
دوره 12، شماره 51
تابستان 1399
صفحه 36-47

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